Fire protection requirements for market distribution boxes

Distribution boxes must be constructed from fire-resistant materials, properly ventilated, and installed with adequate spacing and protective measures to prevent fire hazards.Material and Construction RequirementsDistribution boxes should be made of iron plates or other fire-proof insulating materials to ensure fire resistance, heat dissipation, and protection against rain or moisture ( ). All internal electrical components must be mounted on metal or insulating boards, avoiding wooden materials, and the metal base should be electrically connected to the box body for grounding ( ). Fire protection enclosures can provide 30 to 90 minutes of fire resistance (F30/F90) and maintain functionality during a fire (E30/E90) ( ).Installation and SpacingCables, busbars, and ventilation pipes passing through walls, floors, or the ground must have openings sealed with refractory materials to prevent fire spread ( ).High-voltage and low-voltage devices in the same room should maintain a minimum distance of 1 meter ( ).Oil-filled equipment, such as transformers or circuit breakers, should be partitioned; if oil volume exceeds 600 kg, it must be installed in a separate explosion-proof room ( ).Ventilation and Fire PreventionDistribution boxes must allow ventilation and heat dissipation, with openings that automatically close in the event of a fire ( ). Windows and access points should be waterproof and animal-proof to prevent external hazards ( ).Electrical Safety MeasuresAll wiring must use insulated cables with secure connections, and incoming/outgoing lines should have protective bends to avoid mechanical stress ( ).Leakage protectors and automatic switches should be installed according to rated values and arranged for grading and subsection protection ( ).Non-electrified metal shells should be connected to grounding terminals ( ).Fire-Fighting EquipmentDistribution rooms should be equipped with appropriate fire-fighting equipment, and high-voltage rooms should meet Class I or II fire-resistant building standards, while low-voltage rooms should meet at least Class III ( ).SummaryTo ensure fire safety in market distribution boxes, it is essential to use fire-resistant materials, maintain proper spacing and ventilation, implement grounding and protective devices, and provide fire-fighting measures. Using certified fire protection enclosures further enhances safety by maintaining functionality during fire events ( ).