The mining industry reached a notable level in the 9th–11th centuries, visible by ancient mining openings and metallurgical operations. These are evident in the Karamazar Mountains' Mansura mine, in the, the Koninukra Silver Mine, Pamir, Darvaza, Kukhilal, and the Lyadzhvardara Lazurite Gorge. The archaeologist explored early mining sites in the eastern.
In, wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) is a technology which a number of signals onto a single by using different (i.e., colors) of. This technique enables communications over a single strand of fiber (also called wavelength-division duplexing) as well as multiplication of capacity.