This review summarizes recent progress and emerging trends in multiparameter optical fiber sensing, emphasizing techniques that enable the simultaneous measurement of temperature, strain, acoustic waves, pressure, and other environmental quantities within a single sensing network. Such capabilities. ually monitored components and processes to data-driven solutions. At the heart of this transformation is predictive maintenance, which relies on simultaneous, real-time monitoring of key operational parameters such as temp rature and vibration to anticipate and prevent equipment failures. In this. This method involves the measurement of optical fiber-type light intensity of the fiber optic cable line, which is used for safety monitoring, monitoring and analysis of fiber optic cable lines, and the design of a fiber optic cable outer layer broken strands of high precision monitoring method. The status of an optic–electric composite high-voltage submarine cable (referred to as submarine cable) can be monitored based on optical fiber-distributed sensing technology, and at the same time, no additional sensor is needed in the monitoring system. Currently, this technology is widely used in. These power cables are critical infrastructures that are shipped to deep seas through shipping and handling operations and, once mounted, must then evolve in extreme conditions (sea, salt, wind, water-pressure, seabed topography, etc. All of these operations and working conditions can lead to.
